线上部署后，MySQL容器中文乱码

mysql8.0.30

客户端连接的字符集必须和MySQL服务端的字符集保持一致，我在容器中查了下，就发现不一致的情况：

mysql> show variables like "collation_%";
+----------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name        | Value              |
+----------------------+--------------------+
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci  |
| collation_database   | utf8mb4_general_ci |
| collation_server     | utf8mb4_general_ci |
+----------------------+--------------------+

collation_server的字符集是utf8mb4_general_ci，而客户端的连接对象collation_connection的字符集是latin1_swedish_ci，出现不一致情况。如何修改就是，调整一致呗。下面是基于docker-compose的配置。首先在宿主机的某个文件夹内创建额外的MySQL配置文件，我这里叫做mysql.cnf，文件内容长这样：

sql

[mysqld]
init-connect="SET collation_connection=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci"
init_connect="SET NAMES utf8mb4"
skip-character-set-client-handshake

你也可以叫做任意的名字，但扩展名必须是.cnf，然后把这个mysql.cnf挂在到容器中去。然后修改docker-compose.yml文件：

yml

version: '3.8'
services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx:1.21.4
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    container_name: "nginx"
    volumes:
      - ./luffycityweb:/home/luffycityweb
      - ./conf/nginx/web.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/nginx.conf
    networks:
      - default

  mysql_master:
    image: mysql:8.0.30
    restart: always
    container_name: "mysql_master"
    networks:
      - default
    environment:
      - "MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root2022"
      - "MYSQL_USER=luffycity"
      - "MYSQL_PASSWORD=luffycity"
      - "MYSQL_DATABASE=luffycity"
      - "TZ=Asia/Shanghai"
    command:
      --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
      --character-set-server=utf8mb4
      --collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
      --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
    ports:
      - 3306:3306
    volumes:
      - ./data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql
      - ./logs/mysql:/logs
      - ./initdb:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/
      - ./conf/mysql:/etc/mysql/conf.d
networks:
  default:

重点就是./conf/mysql:/etc/mysql/conf.d，左边的./conf/mysql是相对目录，即找到docker-compose.yml文件的同级目录下的conf/mysql/mysql.cnf，然后挂在到容器中的/etc/mysql/conf.d目录下，这样容器中的MySQL就能读到我们在宿主机中的配置。这样就设置了字符集。接下来，根据docker-compose.yml文件，重新启动吧。

# 在docker-compose.yml目录执行下面的命令：
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml down
docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d

完事之后，进入容器环境再去看下字符集设置：

sql

mysql> show variables like "collation_%";
+----------------------+--------------------+
| Variable_name        | Value              |
+----------------------+--------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci |
| collation_database   | utf8mb4_general_ci |
| collation_server     | utf8mb4_general_ci |
+----------------------+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

现在查记录也都能正常了：

sql

mysql> select name from fg_course_info;
+----------------------------------+
| name                             |
+----------------------------------+
| 7天Typescript从入门到放弃 |
| 3天Typescript精修             |
| 3天学会Vue基础              |
| 算法与数据结构体系课   |
+----------------------------------+
20 rows in set (0.00 sec)

主要参考：

线上部署遇到问题

conda install pymysql -c conda-forge死活安装不上

阿里云Ubuntu20.04 + docker

通过容器部署到阿里云的Ubuntu20.04上面，客户端都配置好了，再配置服务器端的容器时，配置到编写dockerfile定制服务端项目的镜像时出了问题。 dockerfile文件内容我也贴一下。

yml

FROM ubuntu:20.04
LABEL maintainer="luffycity.Edu"

ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1

COPY ./Miniconda3-py38_4.10.3-Linux-x86_64.sh /opt/
COPY ./sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list
COPY ./luffycityapi /luffycityapi
COPY ./luffycityapi/requirements.txt /requirements.txt

RUN apt-get update \
    && apt-get -y install wget \
    && mkdir /root/.conda \
    && bash /opt/Miniconda3-py38_4.10.3-Linux-x86_64.sh -b \
    && rm -f /opt/Miniconda3-py38_4.10.3-Linux-x86_64.sh

ENV PATH /root/miniconda3/bin:$PATH

RUN conda install pymysql -c conda-forge \
    && conda install uwsgi -c conda-forge \
    && pip install -r /requirements.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple \
    && pip install django-haystack==3.1.1 -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple \
    && chmod -R 755 /luffycityapi

WORKDIR /luffycityapi

EXPOSE 8000

VOLUME /luffycityapi

说说解决办法吧！

设置清华源......失败！！！！

conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/msys2/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
conda config --set show_channel_urls yes

进行入镜像内部手动conda安装....失败

bash

docker run -i -t luffycityapi:1.0.0 bash
然后进去之后，手动尝试上一步的动作，添加清华源，然后再conda install.....不行！

期间我也尝试了手动添加依赖，没解决

bash

apt-get install python3-dev

安装gcc，默认安装的是9.x版本的，太高......导致失败。最终我选择不用conda装了。所以最终的解决办法是这样的。思路是，使用pip安装，但有个问题，直接pip安装，下载倒是能下载，但构建失败，为了解决构建失败的问题，我选择下载指定版本的gcc4.8.5的。完事再尝试pip安装uwsgi，发现可以安装上。那么我这里简单的罗列下安装指定版本的gcc的步骤。参考：https://blog.csdn.net/haojie_duan/article/details/124143322

bash

1. 通过sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list在末尾增加下面源.
echo "deb http://dk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo "deb http://dk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

2. 更新apt-get
apt-get update -y

3. 下载指定版本的gcc，注意上面几部没做的话，这一步你下载不到4.8的gcc
apt-get install gcc-4.8 -y

4. 切换gcc版本update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8 20
update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8 20

5. 测试一下，输入"gcc -v"应该能看到4.8的版本号。 这就表示行了。
root@53e707acab92:/luffycityapi# gcc -v     
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/lto-wrapper
Target: x86_64-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu 4.8.5-4ubuntu2' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.8/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-4.8 --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.8 --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --with-sysroot=/ --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-gnu-unique-object --disable-libmudflap --enable-plugin --with-system-zlib --disable-browser-plugin --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-gtk-cairo --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-amd64/jre --enable-java-home --with-jvm-root-dir=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-amd64 --with-jvm-jar-dir=/usr/lib/jvm-exports/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-amd64 --with-arch-directory=amd64 --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --enable-objc-gc --enable-multiarch --disable-werror --with-arch-32=i686 --with-abi=m64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-tune=generic --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.8.5 (Ubuntu 4.8.5-4ubuntu2) 


6. 你再pip install uwsgi就应该没问题了。
7. 你可以执行下"which uwsgi"看看它在哪。
root@53e707acab92:/luffycityapi# which uwsgi
/root/miniconda3/bin/uwsgi

上面这一套命令走下来，能按照成功，但是，我还要把这写明了整理一下搞到dockerfile中。所以最终的dockerfile长这样：

yml

FROM ubuntu:20.04
LABEL maintainer="luffycity.Edu"

ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1

COPY ./Miniconda3-py38_4.10.3-Linux-x86_64.sh /opt/
COPY ./sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list
COPY ./luffycityapi /luffycityapi
COPY ./luffycityapi/requirements.txt /requirements.txt

RUN apt-get update \
    && apt-get -y install wget \
    && mkdir /root/.conda \
    && bash /opt/Miniconda3-py38_4.10.3-Linux-x86_64.sh -b \
    && rm -f /opt/Miniconda3-py38_4.10.3-Linux-x86_64.sh

ENV PATH /root/miniconda3/bin:$PATH


#  ---- start  ----
RUN echo "deb http://dk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN echo "deb http://dk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN apt-get update -y
#RUN apt-get list --upgradable
RUN apt-get install gcc-4.8 -y
RUN update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.8 20
RUN pip install uwsgi
#  ---- end  ----

RUN conda install pymysql -c conda-forge
RUN pip install -r /requirements.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
RUN pip install django-haystack==3.1.1 -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
RUN chmod -R 755 /luffycityapi

WORKDIR /luffycityapi
EXPOSE 8000

然后执行docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d就没啥问题了。反正就是多尝试几个方法吧。

线上部署后，MySQL容器中文乱码 ​

线上部署遇到问题 ​

conda install pymysql -c conda-forge死活安装不上 ​

线上部署后，MySQL容器中文乱码

线上部署遇到问题

conda install pymysql -c conda-forge死活安装不上